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The difference, as defined by the official SATA specification, is a lock-in clip to ensure unshaken contact. Upon being taken viral by LifeHacker , statement of this simple fact was met with a somewhat disheartening amount of resistance from an audience we don't usually cater toward. Today, we had enough spare time to reinforce our statements with objective benchmarking. Note well that we are strictly talking about cables.
This test is fairly trivial compared to our other in-house SSD testing. Anvil's SSD benchmark was deployed for rapid throughput measurement with each of the cables, then logged for comparison. The cables are of varying lengths — one is even significantly thinner than its counterparts — and shipped with different SATA version branding. The results are effectively identical. There is no measurable difference between differently-branded SATA cables as we tested. In doing further research, we found that Maximum PC was able to trigger poor cable performance by chaining ten feet of cabling together — not exactly an intended use case.
There is no performance difference. This is strictly looking at cables, like these. Steve started GamersNexus back when it was just a cool name, and now it's grown into an expansive website with an overwhelming amount of features. He recalls his first difficult decision with GN's direction: "I didn't know whether or not I wanted 'Gamers' to have a possessive apostrophe -- I mean, grammatically it should, but I didn't like it in the name.
It was ugly. IDE mode does not support hot plugging. Even in those instances, a proprietary driver may have been created for a specific chipset, such as Intel 's. SATA revisions are typically designated with a dash followed by Roman numerals , e. The theoretical burst throughput of SATA 1. During the initial period after SATA 1. Bridged drives have a SATA connector, may include either or both kinds of power connectors, and, in general, perform identically to their native-SATA equivalents.
SATA revision 2. It is backward compatible with SATA 1. Second-generation SATA interfaces run with a native transfer rate of 3. The theoretical burst throughput of the SATA revision 2. Third-generation SATA interfaces run with a native transfer rate of 6. The theoretical burst throughput of SATA 6. In general, the enhancements are aimed at improving quality of service for video streaming and high-priority interrupts.
In addition, the standard continues to support distances up to one meter. The newer speeds may require higher power consumption for supporting chips, though improved process technologies and power management techniques may mitigate this. The later specification can use existing SATA cables and connectors, though it was reported in that some OEMs were expected to upgrade host connectors for the higher speeds.
Some legacy power supplies that provide 3. Unlike PATA, the same connectors are used on 3. Standard SATA connectors for both data and power have a conductor pitch of 1. Low insertion force is required to mate a SATA connector. A special eSATA connector is specified for external devices, and an optionally implemented provision for clips to hold internal connectors firmly in place. Some SATA cables have right- or left-angled connectors to ease connection to circuit boards.
The SATA standard defines a data cable with seven conductors three grounds and four active data lines in two pairs and 8 mm wide wafer connectors on each end. SATA cables can have lengths up to 1 metre 3. PATA ribbon cables , in comparison, connect one motherboard socket to one or two hard drives, carry either 40 or 80 wires, and are limited to 45 centimetres 18 in in length by the PATA specification; however, cables up to 90 centimetres 35 in are readily available.
Thus, SATA connectors and cables are easier to fit in closed spaces and reduce obstructions to air cooling. Although they are more susceptible to accidental unplugging and breakage than PATA, users can purchase cables that have a locking feature, whereby a small usually metal spring holds the plug in the socket.
SATA connectors may be straight, right-angled, or left-angled. Angled connectors allow lower-profile connections. Right-angled also called degree connectors lead the cable immediately away from the drive, on the circuit-board side. Left-angled also called degree connectors lead the cable across the drive towards its top.
One of the problems associated with the transmission of data at high speed over electrical connections is described as noise , which is due to electrical coupling between data circuits and other circuits. As a result, the data circuits can both affect other circuits and be affected by them. Designers use a number of techniques to reduce the undesirable effects of such unintentional coupling. One such technique used in SATA links is differential signaling.
This is an enhancement over PATA, which uses single-ended signaling. The use of fully shielded, dual coax conductors, with multiple ground connections, for each differential pair [49] improves isolation between the channels and reduces the chances of lost data in difficult electrical environments. SATA connector on a 3. The two different pin lengths ensure a specific mating order; the longer lengths are ground pins and make contact first. It is a wafer-type connector, like the SATA data connector, but much wider fifteen pins versus seven to avoid confusion between the two.
The new SATA power connector contains many more pins for several reasons: [50]. Passive adapters are available that convert a four-pin Molex connector to a SATA power connector, providing the 5 V and 12 V lines available on the Molex connector, but not 3. There are also four-pin Molex-to-SATA power adapters that include electronics to additionally provide the 3. SATA 2. Pin 1 of the slimline power connector, denoting device presence, is shorter than the others to allow hot-swapping.
There is also a micro data connector, similar in appearance but slightly thinner than the standard data connector. SATA drives, in particular mechanical ones, come with an extra 4 or more pin interface which isn't uniformly standardised but nevertheless serves similar purpose defined by each drive manufacturer. It uses a more robust connector, longer shielded cables, and stricter but backward-compatible electrical standards.
The differences are:. The SATA interface has certain advantages. Some low-level drive features, such as S. In those cases SATA drives do not have low-level features accessible. Therefore, eSATA connections operate with negligible differences between them. With passive adapters, the maximum cable length is reduced to 1 metre 3.
Typically desktop, but not notebook, computers provide 12 V power, so can power devices requiring this voltage, typically 3. Though eSATAp connectors have been built into several devices, manufacturers do not refer to an official standard. The M. Slim 2. By combining the data signals and power lines into a slim connector that effectively enables direct connection to the device's printed circuit board PCB without additional space-consuming connectors, SFF allows further internal layout compaction for portable devices such as ultrabooks.
Pins 1 to 10 are on the connector's bottom side, while pins 11 to 20 are on the top side. The host connector is backward compatible with the standard 3. It was concluded that doubling the native SATA speed would take too much time, too many changes would be required to the SATA standard, and would result in a much greater power consumption when compared to the existing PCI Express bus.
Having a smaller and more flexible physical specification, together with more advanced features, the M. Supported host controller interfaces and internally provided ports are a superset to those defined by the SATA Express interface. Essentially, the M. Like M. In order to provide maximum backward compatibility the U. The physical layer defines SATA's electrical and physical characteristics such as cable dimensions and parasitics, driver voltage level and receiver operating range , as well as the physical coding subsystem bit-level encoding, device detection on the wire, and link initialization.
Physical transmission uses differential signaling. When the SATA-link is not in use example: no device attached , the transmitter allows the transmit pins to float to their common-mode voltage level. When the SATA-link is either active or in the link-initialization phase, the transmitter drives the transmit pins at the specified differential voltage 1. This scheme serves multiple functions required to sustain a differential serial link. The sequence also maintains a neutral DC-balanced bitstream, which lets transmit drivers and receiver inputs be AC-coupled.
Generally, the actual SATA signalling is half-duplex , meaning that it can only read or write data at any one time. In particular, the PHY layer uses the comma K A specific four-symbol sequence, the ALIGN primitive, is used for clock rate-matching between the two devices on the link. Other special symbols communicate flow control information produced and consumed in the higher layers link and transport. Separate point-to-point AC-coupled low-voltage differential signaling LVDS links are used for physical transmission between host and drive.
During the link-initialization process, the PHY is responsible for locally generating special out-of-band signals by switching the transmitter between electrical-idle and specific 10b-characters in a defined pattern, negotiating a mutually supported signalling rate 1.
During this time, no data is sent from the link-layer. FISs are packets containing control information or payload data. Each packet contains a header identifying its type , and payload whose contents are dependent on the type. The link layer also manages flow control over the link. Layer number three in the serial ATA specification is the transport layer. The transport layer handles the assembly and disassembly of FIS structures, which includes, for example, extracting content from register FISs into the task-file and informing the command layer.
In an abstract fashion, the transport layer is responsible for creating and encoding FIS structures requested by the command layer, and removing those structures when the frames are received. When DMA data is to be transmitted and is received from the higher command layer, the transport layer appends the FIS control header to the payload, and informs the link layer to prepare for transmission.
The same procedure is performed when data is received, but in reverse order. The link layer signals to the transport layer that there is incoming data available. Once the data is processed by the link layer, the transport layer inspects the FIS header and removes it before forwarding the data to the command layer.
SATA uses a point-to-point architecture. The physical connection between a controller and a storage device is not shared among other controllers and storage devices. The multiplier performs the function of a hub; the controller and each storage device is connected to the hub.
This Legacy Mode eases OS installation by not requiring that a specific driver be loaded during setup, but sacrifices support for some vendor specific features of SATA. Often, which ports are disabled is configurable. Examples of such provisions include:. This can cause data corruption in operating systems that do not specifically test for this condition and limit the disk transfer speed.
SATA 1. Most devices that are only SATA 1. SCSI buses also allow connection of several drives on one shared channel, whereas SATA allows one drive per channel, unless using a port multiplier. As those two worlds overlapped, the subject of reliability became somewhat controversial.
Note that, in general, the failure rate of a disk drive is related to the quality of its heads, platters and supporting manufacturing processes, not to its interface.
Maui sons | 892 |
Panasonic mt920 | 937 |
Sata ii cables | I also had people who were typing apostrophes into the address bar - sigh. In those cases SATA drives do not have low-level features accessible. It is backward compatible with SATA 1. Question i shows only 2 cores and 4 threads, when it should be 6 cores and 12 threads. There will be some delay after submitting a comment. Purchased with sata ii cables P58 motherboard. There are also four-pin Molex-to-SATA power adapters that include electronics to additionally provide the 3. |
Sata ii cables | Latest posts. First world problems. Archived from the original PDF on 10 February Visit our corporate site. The theoretical burst throughput of Sata ii cables 1. Archived from the original on 29 March When the SATA-link is not in use example: no device attachedthe transmitter allows the transmit pins to float to their common-mode voltage level. |
The theoretical burst throughput of SATA 1. During the initial period after SATA 1. Bridged drives have a SATA connector, may include either or both kinds of power connectors, and, in general, perform identically to their native-SATA equivalents. SATA revision 2. It is backward compatible with SATA 1. Second-generation SATA interfaces run with a native transfer rate of 3.
The theoretical burst throughput of the SATA revision 2. Third-generation SATA interfaces run with a native transfer rate of 6. The theoretical burst throughput of SATA 6. In general, the enhancements are aimed at improving quality of service for video streaming and high-priority interrupts. In addition, the standard continues to support distances up to one meter. The newer speeds may require higher power consumption for supporting chips, though improved process technologies and power management techniques may mitigate this.
The later specification can use existing SATA cables and connectors, though it was reported in that some OEMs were expected to upgrade host connectors for the higher speeds. Some legacy power supplies that provide 3. Unlike PATA, the same connectors are used on 3. Standard SATA connectors for both data and power have a conductor pitch of 1.
Low insertion force is required to mate a SATA connector. A special eSATA connector is specified for external devices, and an optionally implemented provision for clips to hold internal connectors firmly in place. Some SATA cables have right- or left-angled connectors to ease connection to circuit boards.
The SATA standard defines a data cable with seven conductors three grounds and four active data lines in two pairs and 8 mm wide wafer connectors on each end. SATA cables can have lengths up to 1 metre 3. PATA ribbon cables , in comparison, connect one motherboard socket to one or two hard drives, carry either 40 or 80 wires, and are limited to 45 centimetres 18 in in length by the PATA specification; however, cables up to 90 centimetres 35 in are readily available.
Thus, SATA connectors and cables are easier to fit in closed spaces and reduce obstructions to air cooling. Although they are more susceptible to accidental unplugging and breakage than PATA, users can purchase cables that have a locking feature, whereby a small usually metal spring holds the plug in the socket.
SATA connectors may be straight, right-angled, or left-angled. Angled connectors allow lower-profile connections. Right-angled also called degree connectors lead the cable immediately away from the drive, on the circuit-board side. Left-angled also called degree connectors lead the cable across the drive towards its top. One of the problems associated with the transmission of data at high speed over electrical connections is described as noise , which is due to electrical coupling between data circuits and other circuits.
As a result, the data circuits can both affect other circuits and be affected by them. Designers use a number of techniques to reduce the undesirable effects of such unintentional coupling. One such technique used in SATA links is differential signaling. This is an enhancement over PATA, which uses single-ended signaling. The use of fully shielded, dual coax conductors, with multiple ground connections, for each differential pair [49] improves isolation between the channels and reduces the chances of lost data in difficult electrical environments.
SATA connector on a 3. The two different pin lengths ensure a specific mating order; the longer lengths are ground pins and make contact first. It is a wafer-type connector, like the SATA data connector, but much wider fifteen pins versus seven to avoid confusion between the two.
The new SATA power connector contains many more pins for several reasons: [50]. Passive adapters are available that convert a four-pin Molex connector to a SATA power connector, providing the 5 V and 12 V lines available on the Molex connector, but not 3. There are also four-pin Molex-to-SATA power adapters that include electronics to additionally provide the 3. SATA 2. Pin 1 of the slimline power connector, denoting device presence, is shorter than the others to allow hot-swapping.
There is also a micro data connector, similar in appearance but slightly thinner than the standard data connector. SATA drives, in particular mechanical ones, come with an extra 4 or more pin interface which isn't uniformly standardised but nevertheless serves similar purpose defined by each drive manufacturer. It uses a more robust connector, longer shielded cables, and stricter but backward-compatible electrical standards. The differences are:. The SATA interface has certain advantages.
Some low-level drive features, such as S. In those cases SATA drives do not have low-level features accessible. Therefore, eSATA connections operate with negligible differences between them. With passive adapters, the maximum cable length is reduced to 1 metre 3. Typically desktop, but not notebook, computers provide 12 V power, so can power devices requiring this voltage, typically 3. Though eSATAp connectors have been built into several devices, manufacturers do not refer to an official standard.
The M. Slim 2. By combining the data signals and power lines into a slim connector that effectively enables direct connection to the device's printed circuit board PCB without additional space-consuming connectors, SFF allows further internal layout compaction for portable devices such as ultrabooks. Pins 1 to 10 are on the connector's bottom side, while pins 11 to 20 are on the top side.
The host connector is backward compatible with the standard 3. It was concluded that doubling the native SATA speed would take too much time, too many changes would be required to the SATA standard, and would result in a much greater power consumption when compared to the existing PCI Express bus. Having a smaller and more flexible physical specification, together with more advanced features, the M. Supported host controller interfaces and internally provided ports are a superset to those defined by the SATA Express interface.
Essentially, the M. Like M. In order to provide maximum backward compatibility the U. The physical layer defines SATA's electrical and physical characteristics such as cable dimensions and parasitics, driver voltage level and receiver operating range , as well as the physical coding subsystem bit-level encoding, device detection on the wire, and link initialization. Physical transmission uses differential signaling. When the SATA-link is not in use example: no device attached , the transmitter allows the transmit pins to float to their common-mode voltage level.
When the SATA-link is either active or in the link-initialization phase, the transmitter drives the transmit pins at the specified differential voltage 1. This scheme serves multiple functions required to sustain a differential serial link. The sequence also maintains a neutral DC-balanced bitstream, which lets transmit drivers and receiver inputs be AC-coupled.
Generally, the actual SATA signalling is half-duplex , meaning that it can only read or write data at any one time. In particular, the PHY layer uses the comma K A specific four-symbol sequence, the ALIGN primitive, is used for clock rate-matching between the two devices on the link.
Other special symbols communicate flow control information produced and consumed in the higher layers link and transport. Separate point-to-point AC-coupled low-voltage differential signaling LVDS links are used for physical transmission between host and drive.
During the link-initialization process, the PHY is responsible for locally generating special out-of-band signals by switching the transmitter between electrical-idle and specific 10b-characters in a defined pattern, negotiating a mutually supported signalling rate 1.
During this time, no data is sent from the link-layer. FISs are packets containing control information or payload data. Each packet contains a header identifying its type , and payload whose contents are dependent on the type.
The link layer also manages flow control over the link. Layer number three in the serial ATA specification is the transport layer. The transport layer handles the assembly and disassembly of FIS structures, which includes, for example, extracting content from register FISs into the task-file and informing the command layer.
In an abstract fashion, the transport layer is responsible for creating and encoding FIS structures requested by the command layer, and removing those structures when the frames are received. When DMA data is to be transmitted and is received from the higher command layer, the transport layer appends the FIS control header to the payload, and informs the link layer to prepare for transmission.
The same procedure is performed when data is received, but in reverse order. The link layer signals to the transport layer that there is incoming data available. Once the data is processed by the link layer, the transport layer inspects the FIS header and removes it before forwarding the data to the command layer.
SATA uses a point-to-point architecture. The physical connection between a controller and a storage device is not shared among other controllers and storage devices. The multiplier performs the function of a hub; the controller and each storage device is connected to the hub.
This Legacy Mode eases OS installation by not requiring that a specific driver be loaded during setup, but sacrifices support for some vendor specific features of SATA. Often, which ports are disabled is configurable. Examples of such provisions include:.
This can cause data corruption in operating systems that do not specifically test for this condition and limit the disk transfer speed. SATA 1. Most devices that are only SATA 1. SCSI buses also allow connection of several drives on one shared channel, whereas SATA allows one drive per channel, unless using a port multiplier.
As those two worlds overlapped, the subject of reliability became somewhat controversial. Note that, in general, the failure rate of a disk drive is related to the quality of its heads, platters and supporting manufacturing processes, not to its interface. Many server and RAID systems provide hardware support for transparent hot swapping. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Computer bus interface for storage devices. SATA cables are typically used inside a computer's case. Standard, wafer-style SATA connectors come in male and female formats and are available in three varieties: data only, power only and data plus power. Wafer-style connectors have pins arranged in a single row, making them wider but capable of mating with small devices like SSDs. One end the end that connects to a storage device may be angled to save space.
A twinaxial "twinax" SATA data cable is typically flat with its 4 copper conductors arranged side-by-side in pairs with a gap in between. SATA uses differential signaling to reduce electromagnetic interference EMI or crosstalk interference from the other conductors in the cable. Differential signaling also requires a lower voltage, which reduces power consumption. SATA cables can be up to a meter 3.
The primary difference between versions is data transfer speed. Hot Swapping The ability to plug or unplug a device without powering down the computer is known as hot-swapping. SATA connectors and devices employ a two-step mating process to avoid arcing and power drops that might affect other loads. The 4 and 12 ground pins on a SATA power connector are longer so they make contact first when mated. Similarly, SATA devices have longer 3, 7 and 13 power pins for the same reason. Hot-swapping is a feature of the SATA controller.
Latching Connectors To ensure a solid connection and to avoid accidental disconnections, SATA cables will typical feature latching connectors. Angled Connectors Space inside a computer case is often tight so angled connectors are an important consideration when choosing a cable. A right-angled connector feeds the cable down.
The angle of the connector is also important when drives are installed vertically and side-by-side. My computer does not have an eSATA port on the back of the case. How can I connect my external hard drive? Why does a SATA power connector have so many pins? Why the much greater pin count?
What does M. The M. It is used to improve performance by concurrently reading or writing to multiple disks or to provide data redundancy by writing data to two or more drives. We know you have many brands to choose from.
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